Undergraduate | Year 02 Sem 01 | Workbase Ar. Chan Wai Lai | Sek. Keb. (P) Bandar Tinggi
01 SITE
Sekolah Kebangsaan (P) Bandar Tinggi is the oldest school which is built in Johor Bahru, located at the center of the city with exact location at JKR 682 Jalan Dato’ Abd Rahman Andak. It is located beside Sek. Keb. SJK(C) ST. Joseph and close to the Johor Bahru District Education Office.
Key Plan (N.T.S)
Location Plan (N.T.S)
02 HISTORY
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Sek. Keb. (P) Bandar Tinggi was built in 1923, with name Sekolah Perempuan Ngee Heng, was a one-storey building. A new 2 storey building was built in 1929 and renamed into the name today to raise the spirit of Malays and encourage education for women. During WWII (1941), the building was closed, and is used as war victims’ shelter, even Japanese military administrative center. In 1988, the building was being used by Sek. Rendah Khas Kanak-Kanak Cacat Pendengaran. Starting from 1997, the upper floor of the building is left vacant until today due to safety purposes, while the ground floor is utilized as teachers’ office.
03 PLANNING
DESIGN APPROACH
The spatial planning of the building is designed to be simple and practical to fulfill the building’s basic necessities as a school. Being influenced by colonial culture, instead of elevating the building on stilts like Malay vernacular architecture, the building is built on ground to maximize the utility of spaces. There are no bombastic features and decorations being added to the building. The organization of the interior spaces and the functions are very straightforward, where the columns and interior spaces are arranged in a linear grid which ease the circulation, also maximizing the utility of interior spaces.
GROUND FLOOR LEVEL
There are altogether 9 rooms being planned linearly, with 2 rooms being isolated at both ends of the building and the remaining rooms paired by doors in ratio of 2:3:2. For the isolated rooms, one is being used as prayer room, which is a private space that rejects disturbance from the others and the other is used as a storeroom; whereas the remaining rooms are classrooms. The spatial arrangement on the ground floor can be said is being influenced by Western colonial culture where the spaces are more enclosed by walls, windows and doors, which opposed the Malay vernacular architecture that arranges spaces in an open manner which promote interaction instead of enclosed rooms that provide privacy.
LEGENDS
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Back Stair
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Prayer Room
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Classroom
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Side Stairs
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Storeroom
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Front Stair
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Teacher Office
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Resource Room
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Library
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Administration Office
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Principal Office
Ground Floor Plan (N.T.S)
FIRST FLOOR LEVEL
There are 9 repetitive square spaces being arranged in linear form. Each square space serves different functions, where 4 at the left are classrooms, followed by teacher office, resource room, library, administration office, principal office, which are the administration spaces. All these spaces are connected by a long corridor (transit space). The spaces are only separated by thin pieces of partition instead of proper enclosure by walls, windows and doors. This reflects the Malay vernacular architecture, where they tend to divide space into areas instead of enclosed rooms which promote various social activities.
LEGENDS
-
Back Stair
-
Prayer Room
-
Classroom
-
Side Stairs
-
Storeroom
-
Front Stair
-
Teacher Office
-
Resource Room
-
Library
-
Administration Office
-
Principal Office
First Floor Plan (N.T.S)
STAIRCASE
ALIGNMENT
The spaces between first and ground floor are aligned to make the space and structure simple and practical.
There are 4 stairs located at both ends and both sides of the building. Students are only allowed to use the back stair and side stairs, while the front stair can only be used by teachers. This design avoids students from entering administration spaces, thus providing privacy to the spaces.
04 STRUCTURE
Cocnrete Column
Timber Column
Bracket
Roof Truss
Cocnrete Column
On first floor, concrete columns are used due to colonial influences. There are all together 60 columns being arranged horizontally following a rectilinear grid with spacing of 3.05m in between. Most of the columns are placed at the perimeter of the building, supported with 10 columns at the middle. These columns are supporting the beams and joists above it, where the beams and joist will support the timber plank floor.
Timber Column
On first floor, concrete columns are used due to colonial influences. There are all together 60 columns being arranged horizontally following a rectilinear grid with spacing of 3.05m in between. Most of the columns are placed at the perimeter of the building, supported with 10 columns at the middle. These columns are supporting the beams and joists above it, where the beams and joist will support the timber plank floor.
Bracket
Along the edges of the second floor, brackets are being installed mostly on the columns, located 3.08m from each other. It is a wooden structure used to support the extended roof at the edges of the building so the roof is more stiff and durable.
Roof Truss
Trusses are the main structure of the roof, made of hard wood such as cengal. There are 17 roof truss arranged in linear form above the timber columns, supporting the rafters above it. The rafters will then support the batten system, a system where terracotta roof coverings will be installed on it.
05 BOARDS
* Presentation board 2 and 3 are works done by my teammates, Nooryn Hanis and Nurul Asha Wahidah respectively.
06 VIDEO